Research & Sources
The science behind your Stack.
Every recommendation we make is grounded in peer-reviewed research. Here are the studies, data, and clinical findings that inform our AI.
Key Findings
40%
of American adults are vitamin D deficient
Forrest & Stuhldreher, 2011
50%
of Americans don't get enough magnesium
DiNicolantonio et al., 2018
15:1
omega-6 to omega-3 ratio in Western diets (optimal is 2:1)
Simopoulos, 2002
25%
reduction in cardiovascular events from high-dose EPA
REDUCE-IT trial, Bhatt et al., 2019
0%
significant mortality benefit from generic multivitamins
USPSTF meta-analysis, 2022
Cited Research
30 peer-reviewed studies across 5 articles.
- 1
Multivitamin supplementation and mortality risk: meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
View on PubMed → - 2
US dietary supplement market size and consumer trends
View on PubMed → - 3
International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: creatine supplementation
View on PubMed → - 4
Sex-specific nutritional requirements and dietary supplement use
View on PubMed → - 5
Vitamin D deficiency prevalence by latitude and seasonal variation
View on PubMed → - 6
Calcium supplementation and cardiovascular risk: role of vitamin K2
View on PubMed →
- 1
Subclinical magnesium deficiency: a principal driver of cardiovascular disease
View on PubMed → - 2
The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly
View on PubMed → - 3
Magnesium and exercise performance: muscle cramps and electrolyte losses
View on PubMed → - 4
The role of magnesium in neurological disorders and anxiety
View on PubMed → - 5
Magnesium in migraine prophylaxis: clinical evidence and recommendations
View on PubMed → - 6
Bioavailability of magnesium supplement forms: oxide vs citrate vs glycinate
View on PubMed →
- 1
Prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency in US adults
View on PubMed → - 2
Vitamin D: the sunshine vitamin and optimal serum levels
View on PubMed → - 3
Aging and vitamin D synthesis: reduced skin production in elderly
View on PubMed → - 4
Vitamin D deficiency and sleep quality in older adults
View on PubMed → - 5
Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: systematic review
View on PubMed → - 6
Vitamin K2 and calcium metabolism: synergy with vitamin D3
View on PubMed →
- 1
Physicians’ Health Study II: multivitamins in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease
View on PubMed → - 2
Women’s Health Initiative: multivitamin-mineral supplement use and chronic disease outcomes
View on PubMed → - 3
Personalized nutrition and dietary supplement use: evidence and recommendations
View on PubMed → - 4
Nutritional deficiency risk in vegetarian and vegan diets: systematic review
View on PubMed → - 5
Exercise-induced micronutrient demands: implications for supplementation
View on PubMed → - 6
Individual variation in micronutrient requirements: vitamin D, magnesium, and iron
View on PubMed →
- 1
The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in health and disease
View on PubMed → - 2
EPA supplementation and depression: systematic review and meta-analysis
View on PubMed → - 3
DHA and brain aging: role of docosahexaenoic acid in cognitive decline
View on PubMed → - 4
Conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA in humans: quantitative review
View on PubMed → - 5
REDUCE-IT trial: cardiovascular risk reduction with icosapent ethyl
View on PubMed → - 6
Oxidative quality of fish oil supplements: analysis of over-the-counter products
View on PubMed →
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